965 research outputs found
End-to-end Structure-Aware Convolutional Networks for Knowledge Base Completion
Knowledge graph embedding has been an active research topic for knowledge
base completion, with progressive improvement from the initial TransE, TransH,
DistMult et al to the current state-of-the-art ConvE. ConvE uses 2D convolution
over embeddings and multiple layers of nonlinear features to model knowledge
graphs. The model can be efficiently trained and scalable to large knowledge
graphs. However, there is no structure enforcement in the embedding space of
ConvE. The recent graph convolutional network (GCN) provides another way of
learning graph node embedding by successfully utilizing graph connectivity
structure. In this work, we propose a novel end-to-end Structure-Aware
Convolutional Network (SACN) that takes the benefit of GCN and ConvE together.
SACN consists of an encoder of a weighted graph convolutional network (WGCN),
and a decoder of a convolutional network called Conv-TransE. WGCN utilizes
knowledge graph node structure, node attributes and edge relation types. It has
learnable weights that adapt the amount of information from neighbors used in
local aggregation, leading to more accurate embeddings of graph nodes. Node
attributes in the graph are represented as additional nodes in the WGCN. The
decoder Conv-TransE enables the state-of-the-art ConvE to be translational
between entities and relations while keeps the same link prediction performance
as ConvE. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed SACN on standard
FB15k-237 and WN18RR datasets, and it gives about 10% relative improvement over
the state-of-the-art ConvE in terms of HITS@1, HITS@3 and [email protected]: The Thirty-Third AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI
2019
Semiquantum key distribution using entangled states
Recently, Boyer et al. presented a novel semiquantum key distribution
protocol [M. Boyer, D. Kenigsberg, and T. Mor, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 140501
(2007)], by using four quantum states, each of which is randomly prepared by Z
basis or X basis. Here we present a semiquantum key distribution protocol by
using entangled states in which quantum Alice shares a secret key with
classical Bob. We also show the protocol is secure against eavesdropping.Comment: 6 page
Quantum secure communication scheme with W state
Recently, Cao et al. proposed a new quantum secure direct communication
scheme using W state. In their scheme, the error rate introduced by an
eavesdropper who takes intercept-resend attack, is only 8.3%. Actually, their
scheme is just a quantum key distribution scheme because the communication
parties first create a shared key and then encrypt the secret message using
one-time pad. We then present a quantum secure communication scheme using
three-qubit W state. In our scheme, the error rate is raised to 25% and it is
not necessary for the present scheme to use alternative measurement or Bell
basis measurement. We also show our scheme is unconditionally secure.Comment: Comments are welcom
Bis[2,4-dichloro-6-(ethylÂiminoÂmethÂyl)phenolato-κ2 N,O]nickel(II)
In the title compound, [Ni(C9H8Cl2NO)2], the NiII ion lies on an inversion centre and is coordinated in a slightly distorted square-planar geometry by an N and an O atom from two symmetry-related bidentate 2,4-dichloro-6-(ethylÂiminoÂmethÂyl)phenolate ligands. In the crystal structure, there are short Cl⋯Cl distances of 3.506 (1) and 3.350 (1) Å
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